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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文•麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

党建评：反腐不停歇，永吹冲锋号******

　　由中央纪委国家监委宣传部与中央广播电视总台联合摄制的四集电视专题片《永远吹冲锋号》于近期播出。该专题片分为四集，分别是《第二个答案》《政治监督》《铁规矩硬杠杠》《永远在路上》。这是党的二十大后首部反腐电视专题片。一经播出，多个相关案件的话题便迅速登上社交媒体，引发网络热议。

　　全国政协社会和法制委员会原副主任傅政华案、山东省人大常委会原党组成员、副主任张新起案、江西省政协原副主席肖毅案、文化和旅游部原党组副书记、副部长李金早案……一个个曾经“响极一时”的名字，其具体涉案细节和背后教训问题被全面还原、深入解剖。落马者奢靡享乐的严重违纪违法事实与镜头前的真诚忏悔反思对比强烈，《永远吹冲锋号》成为全体党员干部生动、深刻的警示教育课。

　　事实上，在《永远吹冲锋号》播出之前的一天，中央纪委国家监委网站还发布了2023年打“虎”第一棒的“战果”。山东省青岛市政协主席汲斌昌，国家烟草专卖局原党组成员、副局长何泽华，河北省人大常委会原副主任王雪峰接受中央纪委国家监委纪律审查和监察调查。线上专题片和线下的开年“打虎”相结合，“打虎拍蝇”就在身边的冲击感越来越强烈，这释放出一个鲜明信号：反腐败斗争一刻都不会停，永远吹冲锋号，全面从严治党将不断向纵深发展。

　　腐败是危害党的生命力和战斗力的最大毒瘤，反腐败是最彻底的自我革命。专题片《永远吹冲锋号》的四集内容所涉主题和案件尽管有所差异，披露的典型案例背后问题也不尽一致，但涉案者都有一个共同的问题：思想滑坡、认知退步、骨头“缺钙”，对党纪国法不够敬畏，对正风肃纪的认识不够清醒，放松了对自己和家人亲属的教育约束，最终酿成悲剧。而这，也指向了同一个严肃课题——反腐败斗争形势依然严峻，必须把正风肃纪反腐向纵深不断推进。

　　我们党是世界上最大的马克思主义执政党，必须时刻坚持惩治腐败、自我革命，实现自我净化，自我提升。党的十八大以来，党中央以前所未有的勇气和定力推进全面从严治党，以坚如磐石的意志正风肃纪反腐，找到了自我革命这一跳出治乱兴衰历史周期率的第二个答案。相关数据显示，10年来，全国纪检监察机关共立案464.8万余件，其中立案审查调查中管干部553人，处分厅局级干部2.5万多人、县处级干部18.2万多人。经过坚决斗争，反腐败斗争取得压倒性胜利并全面巩固，腐败存量得到有力削减、腐败增量得到有效遏制。

　　成绩的取得，背后是多方面进步的生动注脚。比如，坚持把党的政治建设摆在首位；不断完善党内法规体系和反腐败法律体系；又如，从源头上树起“红线”和“高压网”，加强对权力运行的制约和监督；再如，一体推进不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐等等。然而，也要清醒地看到，正风肃纪没有休止符。过去的经验已经表明，即使正风肃纪的规矩再硬、氛围再严，总会有个别胆大妄为、心怀不轨者，苦心钻营，与反腐败展开“周旋”，在物欲和利益诱惑下，说一套做一套。不过铁的事实也一再证明，那些自认为手段高明，能够瞒天过海者，最终都会以身试法，触网落马。

　　常怀“赶考”之心，勇于自我革命，这是百年大党不懈奋斗淬就的鲜明品格。党的二十大报告提出，坚决打赢反腐败斗争攻坚战持久战。专题片《永远吹冲锋号》是2014年《作风建设永远在路上》播出以来的第九部“反腐大片”，它忠诚记录了近10年来我们全面从严治党的前进脚步。新时代新征程，全面从严治党将不断向纵深推进，永远在路上；正风肃纪反腐将一刻不停，持续“打虎拍蝇”，让人民拥有踏实的获得感、幸福感、安全感。(林风)

　　（文图：赵筱尘巫邓炎）

[责编：天天中]

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